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<P><FONT size=2><STRONG>Chamberlain, E. (2007)"Faltering Steps: Independence
Movements in East Timor - 1940s to the early 1970s"</STRONG><BR><BR>This new
publication is a revised and expanded edition of a similarly-titled monograph
that Ernie Chamberlain published in 2005 - and includes new material from field
interviews in 2006 and 2007 in Dili (former "1959 rebels", Mari Alkatiri et al)
and in Viqueque ("elders").<BR><BR>A copy will be available in ANU library but
it is not yet catalogued. A copy will be available in the National Library of
Australia which has catalogued it but it is listed as not yet in
collection.<BR><BR>A small number of copies are available for purchase by
contacting the author at <FONT color=#0000ff>chamber@pipeline.com.au.</FONT> The
cost is $A23 plus postage.<BR><BR><STRONG>TABLE OF
CONTENTS</STRONG><BR>Page<BR><BR><STRONG>Preface<BR></STRONG><BR><STRONG>Introduction<BR></STRONG><BR>
Independence - Contending
Proclaimers
1<BR>
Some Notes on
Sources
2<BR><BR><STRONG>Independence Movements in the Late 1940s and Early
1950s<BR></STRONG><BR>
Early Indonesian
Views
4<BR>A Rebellion and “Massacre” in Los Palos
?
5<BR>
Japanese Collaborators - and the Native Head
Tax
5<BR>Concern at “Indonesian
Nationalism”
7<BR>Incursion Fears on the South
Coast
9 <BR>Relations with Indonesia – Major
Meneses
Recalled
10<BR>Chinese Communists
?
11<BR>
Malay, Mestiço and Worker
Grievances
12<BR>An Appeal to President
Sukarno
13<BR>
Criticisms from
Jakarta
14<BR>
The Bandung Conference –
1955
15<BR>The Moluccas, Kisar and
Ataúro
16<BR>The Anti-Colonial Movement of Indonesia
(GPKI)
17<BR><BR><STRONG>The “Viqueque Rebellion” –
1959</STRONG><BR><BR>
Inspiration
19<BR>
Beginnings
20<BR>
The “Ex-Permesta
14”
22<BR>
Security Concerns on the Lautem
Coast
30<BR>
Conditions in the Baucau and Viqueque
Circunscrições
31<BR>
The Rebel Leadership – and its
Direction
33<BR>
The
Plan
35<BR>
Arrests in
Dili
38<BR>
The “Movimento de Aileu: Paulo de
Castro”
39<BR>The Uprising in Viqueque and
Baucau
40<BR>
Ethno-linguistic Divisions and
Violence
53<BR>Casualties and
Aftermath
55<BR>
Into
Exile
59<BR>
Imprisoned and Exiled in Lisbon, Angola and
Mozambique
63<BR>
After-Effects
64<BR>In
Exile
66<BR>
Some Exiles
Return
69<BR>
1974-1975 – and
Apodeti
71<BR>
Rebel Exiles in Africa and
Portugal
75<BR>
More Exiles
Return
75<BR>
Recognition, Reunions – and claims against
Portugal
76<BR>
The Popular Consultation of 1999 – and Militia Group “59/75”
81<BR>
Compensation
Claims
82<BR>
Counting the
Exiles
82<BR>
Recent Indonesian Interpretations of the
Rebellion
83<BR>
Continuing Ethnic Violence in
Viqueque
84<BR><BR><STRONG>Threats: The URT-D, Coup Plotters and
Indonesia</STRONG><BR><BR>
The Founding Declarations of the Union of the Republic
of<BR>
Timor Dilly
(URT-D)
86<BR>Army Disquiet in Portuguese Timor – a Coup
Planned
89<BR>Security Concerns Increase – PIDE Established;<BR>an Australian Treaty
Mooted
90<BR>
Fears of Indonesian
Interest
92<BR>
Australia Expresses
Concerns
96<BR>
The URT-D’s Islamic and Pan-Malay
Elements
98<BR>
A Question of Indonesian
Involvement
100<BR>
Indonesian Acts
?
103<BR>
Encouragement by the
USSR
108<BR>
Appeals to the United
Nations
109 The
“Declaration of
Independence”
109<BR>
The URT-D
Constitution
111<BR>
1965 - Sukarno Declares Support; New Order
Disinterest
112<BR>
More URT-D Letters and
Proclamations
115<BR>
Mohammad Saleh Akbar (M.S.A.) Balikh - as “Mao
Klao”
117<BR>
URT-D Activities from
1968
120<BR>
Divisions in the URT-D – Alamsyah Hasibuan as “Mao
Klao”
121<BR><BR> <STRONG> The “Dawning of
Political Consciousness” in
Dili</STRONG><BR><BR>
The
Movimentos
126<BR>Democratisation in Portuguese Timor – and
Apodeti
129<BR><BR>Jakarta-Based Independence Movements
React<BR><BR>
URT-D’s Reaction in 1974 to “Decolonisation” in
Timor
135<BR>Collective Democratic Students of Timor Delly (Codes
Timde) 138<BR>Balikh Takes Control – and a URT-D “East
Timor Constitution” 140<BR>Responding to Events in Portuguese
Timor
142<BR>Timor Students Association of Central Java and
Jogyakarta
146<BR><BR> The Indonesian Invasion
and Occupation<BR><BR>From Infiltration and Raids – to Amphibious/Airborne
Attack 147<BR>The URT-D Seeks a Role – and Foreign
Support
150<BR>Arrest, Trial and Detention of URT-D
Cadre
152<BR>The URT-D’s “Inactive”
Decades
154<BR><BR> <BR><BR><BR><STRONG>Towards
Independence – and Beyond<BR></STRONG><BR>M.S.A. Balikh Returns to Timor –
October
1999
155<BR>The Timor Post “Proklamasi”
Declaration
155<BR>M.S.A. Balich’s “Declaration 1” –<BR>and TIME Timor, October
2007
156<BR>A “new” URT-D –<BR>and the “Greater Timor” (Negara Timor Raya)
? 157<BR>Republica
Timor Tasi Mane (RTTM) – Short-lived
Separatism 159<BR><BR><STRONG>Summary and
Discussion</STRONG><BR><BR> Los Palos
Uprising and
Massacre
160<BR> The 1959 Viqueque
Rebellion
160<BR>
The Union of the Republic of Timor-Dilly
(URT-D)
164<BR>
Silvestre Martins Nai Buti
Seço
169<BR>
Collective Democratic Students of Timor Delly (Codes
Timde)
169<BR>
Indonesian
Involvement
170<BR>
Apodeti
Preferred
172<BR>
Resurrection
?
173<BR>
A Future
History
174<BR>--------------------------------------------------------<BR><BR><STRONG>Annexes:</STRONG><BR><BR>
A. Map - Circunscrição de
Viqueque<BR><BR>
B. Sejarah Perjuangan Timor-Timur Untuk Sekolah
Menengah
Atas
(History of the East Timor Struggle for Senior High School),
Anhar
Gonggong & Susanto Zuhdi, Direktorat Pendidikan Menengah
Umum, Departemen
Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Jakarta, 1992 -
translated
extract (English).<BR><BR>C. Araújo, A. (Armando)
L.J. de, O Célebre Massacré de Uato-Lari e Uato-Carbau Verificado no Ano de 1959
(The Truth of the Infamous Massacre at Uatolari and Uato-Carabau in 1959),
Jakarta/Kupang, 1974 – including: Araújo, A. (Armando) L.J. de (et al),
Memorandum – Assunto: Sobre o acontecimento ocorrido em 7 de Junhe (sic) de
1959, na Cirrcunscriçõe (sic) de Viqueque – Timor (Memorandum – Report: On the
event that occurred on 7 June 1959 in the Circumscription of Viqueque - Timor),
six pages, Cólonia Penal do Bié (Angola), 21 April
1960.<BR><BR>
D. Deportees – 1959
Rebellion<BR><BR>E. Costa, F.A.S. da, Os Nomes dos
Detidos Timorenses para Angola do Ano de 1959 (The Names of the Timorese
Detainees in Angola in 1959), Silva Porto (Bié, Angola), 6 June 1960 – in
Portuguese (initialled/authenticated by Evaristo da Costa, Salem Musalam Sagran,
Frederico Almeida Santos da Costa and Juman bin
Basirun).<BR><BR>F. TERJEMAHAN: Pejuang Perintis
Integrasi Timor Timur Ke Dalam Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (TRANSLATION:
Pioneer Fighters for the Integration of East Timor into the Unitary Republic of
Indonesia), Dili, 8 December 1995 - in Bahasa Indonesia with an English
translation.<BR><BR>G. Pinto, L. dos Santos,
Certidão - Estado-Maior General das Forças Armadas Serviço de Coordenação de
Extinção da PIDE/DGS e LP (Armed Forces Chief of Staff’s Office for the
Coordination of the Disbandment of the PIDE/DGS & LP) Lisbon, 22 March 1983
– in
Portuguese.<BR> <BR>H.
Second Announcement: Freedom Throughout Timor-Dilly ! – Drive the Portuguese
into the Sea !, Liberation Bureau – Union of the Republic of Timor-Dilly, 10
December 1960 – in English.<BR><BR>I. The
Declaration of Independence, Batugade, 9 April 1961 – in English, with the stamp
of the URT-D Foreign Ministry in Bahasa.<BR><BR>J.
Constitution, Batugade, 4 May 1965 - in
English.<BR><BR>
K. Menyambut hangat atas akan Merdeka Nya Papua
dan New
Guinea
1967 ini, (Warmly welcoming the forthcoming Independence of
Papua
and New Guinea in 1967), URT-D, Nr.
III/Prespu-URT/IV/67,
Batugade, 2 April 1967 – in Bahasa
Melayu.<BR><BR>L. Pernyataan Sambutan – Menyambut
Missi Adam Malic (sic) kembali dengan succes dari Pacific (Congratulatory
Statement – Welcoming Adam Malik on his Return from a Successful Mission in the
Pacific), Number 019/PP-URT/VI/68, URT-D, Djakarta, 26 April 1968 – in Bahasa
Melayu.<BR><BR>M. Hubungan Diplomatic dan
kerjasama menuju Melanesia Raya yang jaya (Diplomatic relations and cooperation
towards a glorious Greater Melanesia), Number 0545/ZULK/Prespu-URT/1392 H/1972
M., Batugade, 8 December 1972 (Letter to H.E. Mr Somare, Chief Minister, Papua
New Guinea) in Bahasa Melayu.<BR><BR>N. Pernyataan
Kemerdekaan (Declaration of Independence), 9 April 1961 – in Bahasa
Melayu.<BR><BR>O. Timor Merdeka (Independent
Timor), 18 August 1963, (“Anthem” of the URT-D) – in Bahasa
Melayu.<BR><BR>P. Timor Union Republic (Union of
the Republic of Timor), (A-4 copy of original A-3 size map of Timor Island with
inserted photograph of “A. Mao Klao”).<BR><BR>Q.
Note – Collective Democratic Students of Timor Delly (Codes Timde) to United
Nations Secretary General, 14/VII/V/FC/74, 10 July 1974 (less Memorandum
attachment) – in English.<BR><BR>R. Pernyataan
Dukungan (Statement of Support), Codes Timde 01/ICT/XII/74, Tanjung Priok –
Jakarta, 23 December 1974 – in Bahasa
Indonesia.<BR><BR>S. Pernyataan situasi di Timport
(Statement on the Situation in Portuguese Timor), No: 0128/PP-URTD/VIII/75,
Jakarta, 30 August 1975 – in Bahasa Indonesia with English
translation.<BR><BR>T. Surat - Keputusan Tentang
Perobahan Status Pembebasan Para Tahanan/Tawanan Peristiwa U.R.T. (Unie Republik
Timor) Dari Bebas – Dikenakan Wajib Lapor Menjadi Bebas Penuh (Directive on the
Change of Release Status for Detainees of the U.R.T. Affair (United Republic of
Timor) from Released with Reporting Status to Full Release), Kopkamtib, Jakarta,
11 August 1976 – in Bahasa Indonesia with English
translation.<BR><BR>U. Memproklamasikan:
Kemerdekaan Timor Timur (Proclamation of the Independence of East Timor),
Batugade, 9 April 1961 – in Bahasa Indonesia with English
translation.<BR><BR>V. Surat Pernyataan I (Letter
of Declaration I), Mau Klao M.S.A. Balich,<BR>Gugleur – Maubara, Timor Leste,19
April 2007 – in Bahasa Indonesia with English
translation.<BR><BR><BR><BR><STRONG>Bibliography</STRONG><BR><BR>Union of the
Republic of Timor-Dilly (URT-D) –<BR>Documents
Reviewed<BR><BR>
Indonesian Official Documents
Reviewed<BR><BR>
Collective Democratic Students of Timor Delly (Codes Timde)
-<BR>
Documents
Reviewed<BR><BR>
Books<BR><BR>
Selected Internet
Websites/“Blogs”<BR><BR>
Selected Reports and
Articles<BR> <BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR>Bu
Wilson<BR>Regulatory Institutions Network (RegNet)<BR>College of Asia and
the Pacific, RSPAS<BR>Australian National University<BR>Canberra
ACT 0200<BR>AUSTRALIA<BR><BR>T: 02 6125 3194<BR>F: 02 6125
1507<BR>M: 0407 087 086<BR>E: Bu.Wilson@anu.edu.au<BR><BR><BR><BR><A
href="http://regnet.anu.edu.au">http://regnet.anu.edu.au</A><BR><BR>ANU Cricos
Provider Code - 00120C</FONT> </P></BODY></HTML>