[TimorLesteStudies] NINE! Recent journal articles (Merry Xmas!)

[Jennifer Drysdale]

Missed Opportunities: The United Nations, Police Service and Defence 
Force Development in Timor-Leste, 19992004
Ludovic Hood

Abstract:  The UN's once-vaunted peace operation in Timor-Leste 
achieved many successes, overcoming a major humanitarian crisis and 
laying basic foundations for the future state's governance 
institutions. However, in the critical areas of police and military 
reform, the UN failed to exploit its unparalleled civil authority and 
relatively benign operating environment. Poor leadership, negligible 
planning and altogether unqualified UN police contingents produced 
security services devoid of adequate institutional development and 
woefully lacking in any democratic oversight. Largely as a result of 
the UN's failings in this regard, the unrest that erupted in May 2006 
witnessed the total collapse of the Timorese police force.

Civil Wars
   Publisher:  Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group
   Issue:  Volume 8, Number 2 / June 2006
   Pages:  143 - 162
    Special Issue: Managing Insecurity: Field Experiences of Security 
Sector Reform
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Chronology of Fortified Settlements in East Timor
Peter V. Lape
Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

Abstract:  This paper presents new data on the possible ages and 
functions of stone structures in the eastern regions of East Timor. 
Radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dates were obtained from samples 
from a number of these sites which suggest a late Holocene period 
construction and occupation. Results from small scale excavations at 
three sites suggest that these structures were fortified village 
sites. These social forces behind the building and use of these sites 
may be related to wider regional social and environmental factors 
over the last few thousand years.

The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology
   Publisher:  Taylor & Francis
   Issue:  Volume 1, Number 2 / 2006
   Pages:  285 - 297

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"Stretching the Friendship" On the Politics of Replicating a Dairy in 
East Timor
Chris J. Shepherd, RMIT University
Martin R. Gibbs, University of Melbourne

In this article, we address the problem of how technoscience 
knowledge and practices are translated when they are relocated during 
the highly organized, international encounters between cultures, 
often called "development." We examine efforts to build a "model" 
Australian dairy and instantiate Australian dairy practices in East 
Timor following East Timors recent emergence as a nation-state. 
Through this ethnography of developments construction of a 
heterogeneous sociotechnical assemblage, we show how knowledge and 
power inform the practices that enable Western models of production 
and exchange to be reassembled in postcolonial spaces. In aiming to 
conduct a symmetrical anthropology of development based in the 
actor-network approach, we follow developments actors and actants as 
well as its epistemic divisionsnature and culture, human and 
nonhuman, us and theminto East Timor, arguing that the politics and 
agency of technology transfer is distributed among discourse, 
epistemology, and human and nonhuman actors

Science, Technology & Human Values, Vol. 31, No. 6, 668-701 (2006)
SAGE Publications

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Political Psychology of Nonviolent Democratic Transitions in Southeast Asia
Cristina Jayme Montiel

This research examined social psychological aspects of nonviolent 
democratic transitions in Southeast Asia at the close of the 20th 
century. Researchers interviewed prodemocracy activists who 
participated in the Philippines' People's Power Revolution, 
Cambodia's Dhammayietra (Buddhist Walk for Peace), and East Timor's 
peace and liberation movement. Sets of open-ended vernacular 
questions were custom-built to fit each country's unique transition 
to democracy. In addition, the author used as a data source her 
personal experiences in the Philippines as a leader of street 
politics during People's Power. Findings show similar social 
psychological factors across all three politically-transformative 
episodes in Southeast Asia. Shared characteristics include a history 
of systemic violence, loosening up of the authoritarian regime, 
violence toward the prodemocracy activists, spiritual orientations of 
social commitments, networking-mobilizing skills used to confront an 
authoritarian state, building a social infrastructure to produce 
massive force, and conscientizing for active nonviolence.

Journal of Social Issues
Volume 62 Issue 1 Page 173 - March 2006
Blackwell Synergy
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Senses of Violence and the Education of Senses: Gender, Body and 
Violence in the Independent East Timor
Simi Daniel Schroeter

Abstract: The fight against domestic violence in East Timor involves 
a growing set of projects from the government, international aid and 
local organizations. This paper analyses the impact of these 
activities on local meanings of violence, trying to clarify some of 
the dilemmas of modernization in East Timor which may be seen in the 
conflicts between different senses of violence, body and gender. The 
contradictions of the process of prevention and education against 
domestic violence tell us about both private conflicts embodied in 
particular relations, and the current changes in Timorese society on 
a more general level, putting together different meanings of law, 
justice and the individual.

Source: Lusotopie, Volume 13, Number 2, 2006, pp. 155-172(18)
Publisher: BRILL
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The Involvement of Brazil in the East Timor Issue
Pepe, Leandro Leone; Mathias, Suzeley Kalil

Abstract:
How did the process of Indonesian withdrawal from East Timor, which 
coincided with changes in the international arena resulting from the 
end of the Cold War, come to be accompanied by a new Brazilian stance 
on international security? This stance has led to the increasing 
participation of Brazil in UN-led peace missions and, in parallel 
with the new Brazilian interest in the globalisation process, has 
produced a rapprochement with other Portuguese-speaking countries. Is 
it the beginning of a new foreign policy for the country in the 21st century?

Source: Lusotopie, Volume 13, Number 2, 2006, pp. 49-58(10)
Publisher: BRILL
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The Authoritarian Temptation in East Timor: Nationbuilding and the 
Need for Inclusive Governance
Sven Gunnar Simonsen
Dr. Sven Gunnar Simonsen is a Senior Researcher at the International 
Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO).

Three political arenas in East Timor are examined regarding the goal 
of consolidating peace: governance under Fretilin leadership, the 
issue of official languages, and the security sector. The article 
finds that inclusiveness, transparency, and efforts to minimize 
conflict are lacking in current policies and political processes.

Asian Survey
July/August 2006, Vol. 46, No. 4, Pages 575-596

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Welcome to the Hotel Tutuala: Fataluku Accounts of Going Places in an 
Immobile World
Sandra Pannell

In newly independent East Timor, land tenure and land rights are 
pressing issues. In a recent volume on Land Claims in East Timor, 
Daniel Fitzpatrick argues that cosmological world views cannot be 
ignored in constructing a new system of land administration. While 
previous regimes may have ignored these views, throughout East Timor 
the issue of cosmological sovereignty is emerging as one of the new 
domains of struggle and resistance. In the Fataluku-speaking district 
of Tutuala, in the far eastern reaches of the worlds newest 
nation-state, the assertion of sovereign authority is conveyed and 
sustained through the production of locality. In this paper, I focus 
upon the placemaking efforts of the Portuguese colonial 
administration in the early part of the twentieth century to explore 
Fataluku ideas about movement and being in place. In doing so, I hope 
to throw some light on the cultural status of the many derelict and 
decaying Portuguese forts and outposts occupying knolls and hill-tops 
throughout East Timor.

The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology
   Publisher:  Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group
   Issue:  Volume 7, Number 3 / December 2006
   Pages:  203 - 219

  Special Issue: Place in Motion: New Ethnographies of Locality in 
the Asia-Pacific

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Breastfeeding practices and associated factors among children under 
24 months of age in Timor-Leste.
Senarath U, Dibley MJ, Agho KE

  [1] 1Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 
University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka [2] 2Centre for Clinical 
Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, University of 
Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.

Objective:
To describe breastfeeding practices and to assess the 
sociodemographic factors associated with selected breastfeeding 
indicators.Design and setting:The 2003 Demographic and Health Survey 
was a multi-stage cluster sample survey of 4320 households from four 
different geographic areas in Timor-Leste.Subjects:A total of 2162 
children aged 0-23 months.Results:A high proportion (97.6%) of 
infants had been ever breastfed, but only 46.1% had initiated 
breastfeeding within the first hour of birth. Seventy-eight percent 
of children <24 months were currently breastfed, 30.7% of infants <6 
months were exclusively breastfed and 12.5% of infants <12 months 
were bottle-fed. A high proportion of infants of 6-9 months (82.0%) 
were receiving complementary food in addition to breast milk. 
Multivariate analysis revealed that exclusive breastfeeding was 
significantly lower in the rural west region (odds ratio (OR)=3.15) 
compared to the urban region, and among those from richest households 
(OR=1.90) compared to poorest. Mothers with primary education were 
significantly more likely to exclusively breastfeed than mothers with 
no education (OR=0.62). Increasing age of the infant was associated 
with significantly less current (OR=1.23) and exclusive (OR=1.35) 
breastfeeding. Continuation of breastfeeding at the end of the first 
year was significantly lower in non-working mothers (OR=1.58) 
compared to working mothers, and among infants born in health-care 
facilities (OR=2.16) than those born at 
home.Conclusions:Breastfeeding practices in Timor-Leste were 
satisfactory, except the exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months. 
However, more socioeconomically privileged groups demonstrated a 
poorer breastfeeding performance than disadvantaged groups. Further 
breastfeeding promotion programmes are needed across all population 
groups, and should include health-care providers and maternity 
institutions.Sponsorship:World Bank Trust Fund for East Timor.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 4 
October 2006;